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KMID : 0378019920350120051
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New Medical Journal
1992 Volume.35 No. 12 p.51 ~ p.57
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Efficacy of Ondansetron for the Control of Acute Nausea and Vomiting Inducded by Cisplatin Based Combination Chemotherapy
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Abstract
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Ondansetron is a novel agent that selectively binds to the 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptor, and is reported to have a prominent effect in the prevention of antineoplastic agent induced nausea and vomiting.
Twenty solid, tumor patients who are scheduled to receive cisplatin containing combination chemotherapy participated in a prospectively open-labeled study to evaluate the antiemetic efficacy and safely of ondansetron. The male to female ratio was 11:9, and median age was 48 (16-70). The Site of primary neoplasms and number of patients were as following: head and neck 4, metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary site 3, stomach 3, osteosarcoma 2, overy 2, esophagus 1, melanoma 1, penile 1, bladder 1, cervix 1, extragonadal germ cell 1.
Ondansetron was given as an 8mg loading dose IV before chemotherapy followed by 8mg IV every 8 hours until 24 hours after chemotherapy completion. Complete or major control (0 to 2.emetic episodes) of emesis was achieved in 17 of 20 (85%; complete 50%, major 35%) patients receiving in ondansetron during the first 24hrs of chemotherapy. During the period day2 through day 5 of chemotherapy, 14 of 20 (75%) patients had complete or major control of emesis (complete 35%, major 35%). No severe side reactions were recorded in ondansetron treated patients, while mild to moderate headache was noted in 20% of patients. These results showed that ondansetron is effective in control of cisplatin induced nausea and emesis, and can be administered safely with minimal side effects.
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